Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale V1.1

Overview

The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1) is a validated 18-item self-report questionnaire designed to screen for symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults aged 18 years and older. It provides a structured and standardized method for identifying the presence and severity of ADHD symptoms in adult populations and is widely used in both clinical practice and research settings.

Background and Development

The ASRS v1.1 was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (2001). The scale was designed to align with diagnostic criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), with items adapted to reflect how ADHD symptoms commonly present in adults rather than children.

Purpose

The primary purpose of the ASRS v1.1 is to screen for adult ADHD and to assess the frequency and severity of core ADHD symptoms over the past six months. It is commonly used as an initial screening tool to determine whether a comprehensive clinical evaluation is warranted.

Structure

The ASRS v1.1 consists of 18 items that assess symptoms related to inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The questionnaire is divided into two sections:

• Part A: The first six items, which are the most predictive of ADHD and are commonly used for initial screening.
• Part B: The remaining twelve items, which provide additional detail and help further evaluate symptom patterns.

Each item is rated on a 5-point frequency scale ranging from Never to Very Often, reflecting how frequently symptoms have been experienced during the past six months.

Score Interpretation

In clinical practice, particular attention is given to responses in Part A. A specific number of responses above defined frequency thresholds may indicate a positive screening result and the need for further clinical assessment. The ASRS v1.1 is not a diagnostic tool on its own and should be interpreted by a qualified professional.

Applications

• Clinical Use: Used by healthcare professionals to screen for adult ADHD, support diagnostic evaluations, and guide further assessment.
• Research Use: Used in epidemiological and clinical research to study the prevalence, severity, and impact of ADHD symptoms in adult populations.

Psychometric Properties

The ASRS v1.1 has demonstrated strong psychometric performance and has been validated across multiple populations and languages.

Reliability

• Internal Consistency: The ASRS v1.1 shows good internal consistency, indicating that the items reliably measure core ADHD symptom domains.
• Test–Retest Reliability: Studies support the stability of ASRS v1.1 scores over time.

Validity

• Construct Validity: The scale effectively measures ADHD symptom constructs consistent with DSM diagnostic criteria.
• Criterion Validity: ASRS v1.1 scores correlate well with clinician-administered ADHD assessments.

Benefits

The ASRS v1.1 offers several advantages in adult ADHD assessment:

• Ease of Use: Self-administered and quick to complete, typically requiring only a few minutes.
• Standardization: Provides a consistent and structured approach to symptom assessment.
• Sensitivity: Designed to accurately reflect the presentation of ADHD symptoms in adults.

Limitations

The ASRS v1.1 is a screening instrument and does not provide a formal diagnosis of ADHD. Results should be interpreted in conjunction with a comprehensive clinical interview and additional diagnostic information.

Conclusion

The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1) is a widely recognized and scientifically validated tool for screening ADHD symptoms in adults. Its alignment with DSM criteria, strong psychometric properties, and ease of administration make it a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers. When used as part of a comprehensive evaluation, the ASRS v1.1 supports accurate identification and understanding of adult ADHD.